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In linguistics, selection denotes the ability of predicates to determine the semantic content of their arguments.〔For discussions of selection in general, see Chomsky (1965), Horrocks (1986:35f.), van Riemsdijk and Williams (1986:130), Cowper (1992:58), Napoli (1993:260ff.), Carnie (2007:220-221).〕 Predicates select their arguments, which means they limit the semantic content of their arguments. One sometimes draws a distinction between types of selection; one acknowledges both ''s(emantic)-selection'' and ''c(ategory)-selection''. Selection in general stands in contrast to subcategorization:〔See Fowler (1971:58) concerning the distinction between selection and subcategorization.〕 predicates both select and subcategorize for their complement arguments, whereas they only select their subject arguments. Selection is a semantic concept, whereas subcategorization is a syntactic one. ==Examples== The following pairs of sentences illustrate the concept of selection: ::a. The plant is wilting. ::b. #The building is wilting. - The argument ''the building'' violates the selectional restrictions of the predicate ''is wilting''. ::a. Sam drank a coffee. ::b. #Sam drank a car. - The argument ''a car'' contradicts the selectional restrictions of the predicate ''drank''. The # indicates semantic deviance. The predicate ''is wilting'' selects a subject argument that is a plant or is plant-like. A building really cannot be understood as wilting. Similarly, the predicate ''drank'' selects an object argument that is a liquid or is liquid-like. A car can hardly be interpreted as a liquid. The b-sentences are possible only given an unusual context that establishes appropriate metaphorical meaning. The deviance of the b-sentences is addressed in terms of selection. The selectional restrictions of the predicates ''is wilting'' and ''drank'' are violated. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Selection (linguistics)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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